Flowers for Algernon Essay

If you were given the chance to triple your intelligence through surgery would you? In the story â€Å"Flowers for Algernon† by Daniel Keyes, is about a man named Charlie Gordon who has a low I.Q. and has a chance to triple it through surgery. He is a 37 year old man and is keeping a diary to see if he will be used for the surgery. In this book two doctors give Charlie a chance to triple his intelligence through surgery. Charlie should not get the surgery because nobody likes him, everyone feel sorry, and he eventually gets sick of being smart. Charlie should not have had the surgery because nobody likes him when he’s so smart. When he is smart no one can understand him. â€Å"Everybody seems frightened of me.† (232) At this time Charlie has had the surgery and he is so smart everyone is afraid of him. If he didn’t have this surgery everyone wouldn’t be frightened by Charlie. Because of this surgery Charlie lost his job. â€Å"They have driven me out of the factory.† (235) Here Charlie’s workers don’t want him at the factory anymore. Ever since he had the surgery bad things have happened. Nobody wants anything to do with Charlie. â€Å"People don’t talk to me or kid around like they used to.† (232) Charlie is now finding out that no one likes him when he’s smart just because they can’t understand him. Without the surgery he would still have friends. Since Charlie got the surgery it caused him to lose all the memory gained from the surgery. Because of the reason, he should not have had the surgery. Charlie has a job at the factory and â€Å"Everyone feels sorry for me at the factory.† (245) Without the surgery Charlie would not have lost his memory causing everyone to feel sorry. Charlie is finding that no one likes him and everyone feels bad. Charlie had an adult teacher Ms. Kinnian, since he lost his memory he went there and â€Å"She ran out of the room crying.† (243) This quote also shows everyones sorrow towards Charlie. During this quote Charlie lost his memory and went back to his old class. Charlie shouldn’t have had the surgery because everyone feels sorry for him and he lost all his friends. Without the surgery, he would never have lost his memory and friends. The final reason why he should not have had the surgery, because he eventually sick of being smart. He had a job that he liked and since he had the surgery he doesn’t want to be smart, so he quit his job. â€Å"I’ve quit my job at Domangans Plastic Box Company.† (234) This is showing Charlie becoming depressed. Without the operation Charlie would still be living happily and would never have quit his job. Charlie had the surgery because he wanted to become smarter, but now he feels differently. â€Å"I don’t want to be smart anymore† (243) When he had the surgery he had overcome his low I.Q., but he eventually became too smart and no one understood him. They thought he was odd, so nobody spoke to him. He became sick of being smart and wanted to not be smart. If he didn’t have the surgery he would have never wanted to not be smart. Charlie should never have had the surgery, because he gets sick of being smart, nobody cares for him, and everyone feels bad about him. The key points why he should not have had the surgery are, he lost his memory from the surgery, he quit his only job at the box company, plus nobody even understands him, he’s so smart. To conclude, these reasons clearly show why Charlie should not have had the surgery.

Two Ultimate Decisions

In the next few years, I would have finished college and would soon need to earn a living to support myself and maybe the family I intend to have. Given this scenario, I will be deciding between two options: whether I would be maintaining my own business or if I would rather be employed by a big company. Having my own business sounds appealing. I would be working at my own hours and at my own pace. I have full control of my time. I can do whatever I would like to do. Nobody can tell me what I should accomplish first and what should I do last. All I have to do is to keep committed in making my business grow and expand. Whatever I do and however I do it, it will all be up to me. I decide if I wanted to start the day early, or if I should stay up late working. I determine my own hours. I pay my own wage. Maintaining a business is going to be a very challenging feat for me. I would be using my intellectual strength and my innate marketing talents to succeed. I can establish my own success. I will thrive because of my own hard work and nobody else’s. My achievements will be because I did so well and I made the right decisions. I will be responsible for whatever happens, and I only have myself to account for. Managing my own business means I could also be helping others. I will have the ability to employ people; and as my business gets bigger, more people will be needed so more people will be hired. I will be able to make a lot of people’s lives better, and I can undoubtedly contribute to the economy at that. Indeed, starting a business proposes to be a good decision at this point. However, the call of being a part of a much bigger company is deafening as well. If I decide to get a job with a corporation bigwig, I can be able to earn easily through the monthly wage they will be paying me. I would be able to utilize all my learning and my stuck knowledge. I will be a part of an institution and would carry its pride as well. I will be able to meet big and influential people; and even become friends with each of them. I will start as a normal employee aiming toward the top position of the company, and this sure mean a real test of wits and endurance. I will be engaging in a friendly and worthwhile competition with my fellow co-workers who are also aspiring to be a top-notch executive like me. And with proper strength and staying power, I believe I will be able to reach it. If I do my job well enough, I will be promoted in just a matter of several months. I will then be the head of my own department. I will be enjoying my job as I enjoy the company of my colleagues which are also my comrades. I can also become a mentor, thus I will be able to share and transfer my knowledge to my apprentices. As I leave my position to one of my subordinates, I will be going up the ladder into the executive world. I will have the ability to become one of the most respected people in the company; and I can do it the shortest time possible. Furthermore, I will make critical company decisions which could change the whole company. I will be instrumental in the company’s failure or success, and that is because I will become the best executive, a senior manager whose opinion is always sought and is well-considered. I will be a very powerful person both in and out of the corporate world. And because I have this ability to become powerful, being rich and famous will soon follow. I will become rich because I will be fully compensated by the company I belong to. And I will become famous because as I become the company’s leader, I would need to attend business conferences as well as business lunches and parties. Right now, working for a top company seems to be a good decision for me too. Considering each of these points, it is equally advantageous holding down a job and managing a business. Although it is possible to do both, I would still need to make a decision, as to which of the two should be my primary career path. Given the points and my own personality, I believe that I will be more productive if I start off as a regular employee in a regular position, and then slowly take myself towards the top, through diligence, perseverance, and hard work. The time that is going to be required to achieve this is going to be less in a company setup. A few years should be enough to hoist myself up the corporate ladder. Being in a part of a corporation does not require that much capital either. I would only need to invest in myself, and that is not going to be too much. The risks involved in a business are also unpredictable. A business is like a gamble, you win some and you lose some. You really cannot accurately forecast the feasibility of your business decision unless the market is virtually stable, and that doesn’t really happen. The market does change, and in a volatile manner at that. If one is in a corporate setup, on the other hand, things are more constant. One knows what he is up against, and being so, one can easily devise strategies as to how to overcome it. The corporate world may have its own share of politics, but that is part of the game. I am considering that just as one of the risks that come with any of my choices. At this point, I believe that my decision will be to work for the corporate bigwigs. Its benefits weigh far too heavy than the benefits of being in the business world.

Bd Railway

Organization Behavior of Bangladesh Railway In: Social Issues Organization Behavior of Bangladesh Railway An Assignment ON Organization behavior Submitted To: Dr. Syeda Lasna Kabir Associate Professor Dept. of Public Administration University of Dhaka. Submitted By: Md. Rajvi Hasan Roll No: MM–098 4th Year; 7th Semester Dept. of Public Administration University of Dhaka. Submission Date: 16th May 2011. Assignment topic A Research on Bangladesh Railway [pic] ? Introduction: Roads & Railways Division is one of the important Divisions in the Government under the Ministry of Communication.Ministry of Communication comprises two Divisions, 1. Roads & Railways Division and 2. Bridges Division. Roads & Railways Division shoulders a vast task and plays a vital role in socio-economic development of our country. It governs the Departments/Organizations which are playing very important roles in building our new nation. These are : (1) Roads & Highways Department (RHD), (2) Bangladesh Rai lway, (3) Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA), (4) Bangladesh Road Transport corporation (BRTC), (5) Dhaka Transport Co-ordination Board and (6) The office of the Government Inspector of Bangladesh Railways (GIBR).The principal motto of this Division is to ensure improvement of socio-economic condition of the people of our country through formulating policies regarding roads, road transports and railways and through construction, development, expansion and maintenance of environment-friendly and user-friendly integrated roads and railway transportation. Bangladesh Railway (BR) is the state-owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh. It operates and maintains the entire railway network of the country.Railway operation in today's Bangladesh began on November 15, 1862 when 53. 11 kilometers of 5  ft  6  in  (1,676  mm) (broad gauge) line were opened for traffic between Darsana and Jagiti. The next 14. 98 kilometers 1,000  mm  (3  ft  3  3? 8  in) (meter gaug e) line was opened for traffic on 4 January 1885. In 1891, the construction of then Bengal Assam Railway was taken up by the British Government assistance but that was later on taken over by the Bengal Assam Railway Company.On 1 July 1895, two sections of meter gauge lines were opened between Chittagong and Comilla, a length of 149. 89 kilometers and between Laksam and Cahndpur, a length of 50. 89 kilometers. Railway Companies formed in England took up the construction and operation of these sections in middle and late 19th century. At time of the partition of India in 1947, Bengal-Assam Railway was split up and the portion of the system, about 2,603. 92 kilometers fell within the boundary of then East Pakistan and control remained with the central Government of Pakistan.Later with the effect from 1 February 1961, Eastern Bengal Railway was renamed as Pakistan Eastern Railway. Then in 1962, the control of Pakistan Eastern Railway was transferred from the Central Government to the Go vernment of East Pakistan and placed under the management of a Railway Board with the effect from the financial year 1962-63 by the presidential Order of 9 June 1962. As of 2005, the total length of railroad is 2,855 kilometres.Of that, 660  km are broad gauge tracks (mostly in the western region), 1,830  km are metre gauge tracks (mostly in the central and eastern regions) and 365  km are dual gauge tracks The gauge problem is being tackled by adding third rails to the most important broad and metre gauge routes, so that they become dual gauge. A major road-rail bridge at Jamuna opened in 1998 to connect the previously detached east and west rail networks. On March 2008, the broad gauge reached Dhaka, the national capital. Funding is being sought to upgrade the network and transform Bangladesh Railway into a profitable business.BR exceeded its target revenue earnings in the fiscal year 2007-2008. Bangladesh Railway provides various types of services ranging from shuttle servi ce for university students to freight and cargo service. But still BR could not make profit as it is providing services to the nation at a subsidised rate in order to help the country's economy and for the ease of people. Objective: The objectives of this study are 1) To understand & evaluate the departmentalization of the BR. 2) To know the Spam of Control system of this organization. 3) To analyze the applicability of the theory of ‘Job Specialization’ in this selected organization.Rationale of the study: We have to overview the internal coordinating mechanism, internal environment & the technology, age and the size of the organization. Because without knowing these features we can’t evaluate an organization’s hierarchy, efficiency, working environment in true sense. Research Question: The questions which will lead us to the research: 1. How does the span of control will work in BR? 2. What is the departmentalization of BR? 3. How job specialization is o ccurred? Hypothesis: On which the research are based on: 1. If it is a bureaucratic structure then the job specialization, departmentalization will be strict. . If it is a matrix structure, then job specialization, departmentalization will be much flexible than the previous one Research Methodology: 1. Content Analysis which is most common method for all types of research. The related books, publications, newspapers, internet sources etc have given information about the total scenario of the organization. 2. I have interviewed few officials to understand the situation of that org. Area of focus: The area we are focusing on: Bangladesh Railway Head Office, Top khana, Dhaka. And, Bangladesh Railway Administrative Building,Kamlapur, Dhaka. Limitations of the study: 1. I had very little time to complete this study. 2. I did not have enough experience to do such studies. 3. As the data are collected from key informants at their working hours, there is chance of not receiving exact accura te information 4. I faced non cooperation from some of the employees. †¢ Chapterization: 1. Introduction: The railway department is a semi-autonomous organization under the The Ministry of Communications. This study intends to find out the internal coordinating mechanism, how does it cope with the external environment.The whole system of communication, tasks, coordinating mechanism prevails around organizational structure. Job specialization & departmentalization are the two vital features of organization. And these two are hugely depended on that. If it follows a bureaucratic structure, then the job specialization & departmentalization will be as rigid as the bureaucracy. And if it follows a matrix structure, then it will be more open to the environment. 2. Theoretical Framework: In this study, we will try to define these with the following theories: Job Specialization:The method of job specialization involves breaking down a task to its lowest level and designing jobs around each part. This creates specialization, expertise, and improved quality. Job specialization design in the workplace is frequently seen in manufacturing and assembly lines where a worker focuses on one specific task and ability during the entire work shift. The task frequently repeats all day long. Specialization is the process of performing a certain task which makes a person be in limited in performing other activities out of work she/he is specializes purposely.Job descriptions are written statements that describe the: †¢ duties, †¢ responsibilities, †¢ most important contributions and outcomes needed from a position, †¢ required qualifications of candidates, and †¢ Reporting relationship and coworkers of a particular job. Job descriptions are based on objective information obtained through job analysis, an understanding of the competencies and skills required to accomplish needed tasks, and the needs of the organization to produce work. Job descriptions c learly identify and spell out the responsibilities of a specific job.Job descriptions also include information about working conditions, tools, equipment used, knowledge and skills needed, and relationships with other positions. The best job descriptions are living, breathing documents that are updated as responsibilities change. The best job descriptions do not limit employees, but rather, cause them to stretch their experience, grow their skills, and develop their ability to contribute within their organization. Departmentalization: Departmentalization refers to the process of grouping activities into departments.Division of labor creates specialists who need coordination. This coordination is facilitated by grouping specialists together in departments. The main types of departmentalization are- †¢ Functional departmentalization – Grouping activities by functions performed. Activities can be grouped according to function (work being done) to pursue economies of scale b y placing employees with shared skills and knowledge into departments for example human resources, IT, accounting, manufacturing, logistics, and engineering.Functional departmentalization can be used in all types of organizations. †¢ Product departmentalization – Grouping activities by product line. Tasks can also be grouped according to a specific product or service, thus placing all activities related to the product or the service under one manager. Each major product area in the corporation is under the authority of a senior manager who is specialist in, and is responsible for, everything related to the product line. LA Gear is an example of company that uses product departmentalization. Its structure s based on its varied product lines which include women’s footwear, children’s footwear and men’s’ footwear. †¢ Customer departmentalization – Grouping activities on the basis of common customers or types of customers. Jobs may be grouped according to the type of customer served by the organization. The assumption is that customers in each department have a common set of problems and needs that can best be met by specialists. The sales activities in an office supply firm can be broken down into three departments that serve retail, wholesale and government accounts. Geographic departmentalization – Grouping activities on the basis of territory. If an organization's customers are geographically dispersed, it can group jobs based on geography. For example, the organization structure of Coca-Cola has reflected the company’s operation in two broad geographic areas – the North American sector and the international sector, which includes the Pacific Rim, the European Community, Northeast Europe, Africa and Latin America groups. †¢ Process departmentalization – Grouping activities on the basis of product or service or customer flow.Because each process requires different skills, proce ss departmentalization allows homogenous activities to be categorized. For example, the applicants might need to go through several departments namely validation, licensing and treasury, before receiving the driver’s license. Span of control: The span of control refers to number of employees that directly report to a single manager. Span of control determines the structure of an organization, a narrow span of control results in hierarchal organization while broad span of control leads to flat structure.Since management represents the activities that do not directly result in productivity, they are rather a overhead, span of control determines the additional operational cost. Quantitatively,  companywide overhead can be calculated by dividing the total number of management staff with the size of organization. Span of control formulation What is an optimal ratio of manger to direct reports without compromising the productivity? It is a fundamental problem in designing the str ucture of an organization; empirically this range is pretty wide, from 4 to 22 depending upon the nature of work.In 1933, V. A. Graicunas, a paris based consultant formulated the span of control based on number of direct and indirect relationships that a superior has to manage. Graicunas identified three types of relationships: 1. Number of direct relationships between manager and subordinate, it represents the span of control. 2. Number of peer-to-peer relationships, it represent issues due to interpersonal conflicts. Note that each pair of peers represent 2 relationships and not 1, if there are two subordinates, dick and jane, dick might have different concern for jane than jane’s concern for dick.Hence for a manger, they represent 2 different set of problems and not one. 3. Data analysis ; data presentation: Bangladesh Railway is one of the most efficient ; large departments of GOB. Since the Department was founded the size of the major rail network in Bangladesh has grown . The Department is headed by a Director General who is supported by a number of officers. The total number of personnel in the Department is almost 35,000. It’s a huge number for any organization. To control this kind of large organizations, one needs to have very strong Span of control or line of authority. BR has that. pic] After independence, the railway was first supervised by a Railway Board which was abolished in 1982. Thereafter, the BR came under the jurisdiction of the Railway Division of the Ministry of Communications with the Secretary of the Division working as the Director General of BR. In 1995, instead of being the part of the Ministry, BR came under control of a professional Director General supervised by the Bangladesh Railway Authority that is chaired by the Minister of Communications. As the part of the Bureaucracy, BRfollows the BURREAUCRATIC STRUCTURE, which refers to the Tall Organization.According to the concept it is appropriate for Bureaucratic Organ izations. But, it causes some disadvantages too. DEPARTMENTALIZATION can be described as grouping employees on the basis of the similarity of expertise, knowledge. It enhances the success rate of an organization. As BR is a huge organization, it’s divided into several departments on the basis of the similar functions. BR is divided into two zones, East ; West, each under control of a general manager who is accountable to the Director General of Bangladesh Railway. The two zones have their separate departments or operation, maintenance, and finances. Each zone is divided into two divisions that contain departments for Personnel, Transportation, Commercial, Finance Mechanical, Way and Works Signaling ; Telecommunication, Electrical, Medical, etc. Each zone also has its Workshop Divisions, located at Pahartali and Saidpur, respectively. A locomotive workshop is located at Parbatipur for broad and metre gauge locomotives. BR manages its own Railway Training Academy. A separate Di rectorate under the Ministry of Communications is charged to inspect different works of BR in relation to safety.Job Specialization is the process of performing a certain task which makes a person be in limited in performing other activities out of work she/he is specializes purposely. It enables employees to become very skilled ; productive at their assigned task. Another motive of departmentalization is to ensure job specialization. It is usually seen that every department of an organization is assigned to those functions or tasks at which they are expert. The downside of job specialization tends to be that people can only do one task. They aren’t trained to multitask or handle multiple areas of a workplace.As a result, when a critical expertise is lost, the process can suffer. Additionally, workers under job specialization don’t have a wide array of applicable skills, so it becomes hard for them to adapt to a new function or need in the organization. It creates mono poly this means after specialization certain field of work may lead into boredom to the worker. Efficient administration of BR is also hindered by lack of rules and regulations that have been approved by the Board but are awaiting Government approval as well. Which creates delay to the recruitment process. Conclusion:Removing the old shield, the whole world is intending to get more modernized. But still we are following the hundreds years old ‘Bureaucracy system’ which has caused nothing but losses. Being a Bureaucratic organization or part BR is no different. They are still following the traditional bureaucratic model with no flexibility. Everything in the organization prevails according to the law ; regulation. Job specialization or departmentalization is fixed. They can’t work out of it, even in an emergency. There is little chance for the subordinates to present their ideas or opinions by crossing seniors.They maintain a very strict line of authority, where m anagers have the supreme authority. This may be the traditional bureaucratic role. But it has to change according to the needs of this millennium. As like the private organizations RHD officials should be given more freedom, authorization to take faster decision. Only then the organizational goal of customer satisfaction can be achieved. Reference: 1. http://www. railway. gov. bd 2. Class lectures 3. Railway Information book 4. Mr. Ahsanullah Bhuiyan, Deputy Director, Bangladesh Railway. 5. Mr. Sarwar Alam, Asstt. Commercial Officer, Bangladesh Railway. [pic]

Organizational structure and culture of GE and Google Essay

Organizational structure and culture of GE and Google - Essay Example GE has been able to attract leaders with an extraordinary combination of attributes: passion, vision, and deep sensitivity to the huge issues that challenge the world around them. It is made up of employees who are self-driven to make a difference. When it comes to the kind of environment, GE is the best place to work in. it has a high-performance culture that particularly emphasizes high-integrity business practices as well as work balance. GE’s CEO says, â€Å"We believe a company can accomplish more even as it does well.† This belief drives GE’s organizational practice from the philanthropic efforts of its foundation to the millions of volunteer hours donated by the employees to community initiatives worldwide.It’s really the people that make it the kind of company it is. â€Å"We hire smart and determined people and we favor ability over experience,† said Google CEO. Although the people of Google share common goals and visions for the company, t hey hail from all walks of life and speak a number of languages, reflecting the global audience that they serve. Google pursues interests ranging from beekeeping to recycling, from foxtrot to Frisbee, when not at work. Google strives to maintain the open culture often associated with startups, in which everyone is a contributor and feels comfortable sharing ideas and opinions. Google’s offices and cafes are designed to motivate and encourage interactions between Google members across and within teams and to spark conversation about play as well as work.

Word Identification Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Word Identification Skills - Essay Example Teaching word recognition skills at middle school level is important because by that stage, children become responsible enough to take their studies seriously while still being in a tender age. Being in their early teenage, children are quite energetic and responsive that helps in the development of appropriate skills in the most rational manner. My focus would be to enhance their vocabulary to the extent that they learn most of if not all words that are deemed important with respect to the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) as mentioned in (wordhacker.com, 2006). This would also help them prepare for their GRE later. I shall make them memorize ten words on daily basis. Prior to my lecture, I shall make cards of those words and color them differently from one another. I shall dictate them sentences in which those words are used, and then tell them to use those words in their own sentences as a class-work or home-work as deemed appropriate. I shall include certain portion of this vocabulary in the final grade so that the children take the exercise

Choose a business firm and discuss What can you say about the firm Term Paper

Choose a business firm and discuss What can you say about the firm from society's perspective - Term Paper Example Nike is considered amongst the top companies that have strong social listening amongst its customers. There is an impression created in the mind of each consumer that the company listens to its customers while developing a product. The product is very much similar to the desired needs of customers which is why the product is appealed more to customers. Social listening and customer advocacy are the important tool for Nike to earn greater profits throughout the different economies of the world. This has led in the development of new designs in the category of shoes and has led to create an option of iPhone application which became a huge success for the company (Nike Inc, 2011). Nike is very considerate about the community work and focuses in participating towards helping the society to be a better place for humans. They have many objectives regarding social responsibility and are particularly concerned about achieving every one of them. Nike has a plan to reduce the emission of carbo n dioxide from the environment by 20% until the very end of the year 2015 (Nike Inc, 2013). The objective was taken as a step to avoid further global warming around the world. ... Nike has a stance that serving the community and performing social corporate responsibility can earn a company huge profits and increases the financial performance of the company. It helps in changing the perception of customers while purchasing their product (Nike Inc, 2009). It becomes highly preferential for a customer to purchase the particular product whose parent company is so willing to serve their community. The idea has developed its image throughout the world, and has provided the company an edge over its competitors. The goodwill of the company is also maintained in the eyes of customers because they are emotionally attached towards buying the company’s products (Nike Inc, 2009). Although the company has some bright perspectives but it is also a reason to contribute towards child labor in different parts of the world. Nike has suppliers all over the world which supplies Nike products according to their guidelines and standards. However, most suppliers employ child s o they could pay less to them and earn even more. The idea affected the reputation of Nike when people got aware of its conduct. The company denied the charges and blamed suppliers for not adhering to their guidelines. However, Nike developed a thorough supplier guidelines and code of conduct in order to manage their work overseas (Nike Inc, 2009). Nike has a positive approach in evaluating the performance of each employee by looking at their contribution in the company. The company monitors individual performance through the use of HR department. As to avoid employee discrimination, the company has created a concept of a drop box. An employee can make complains about the system and the management or being discriminated in a

Art World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Art World - Essay Example It is this position that Danto (1999) saw as misplaced and lacking basis to consider art as coming to an end. Indeed, the basis for revisiting the subject of the end-of-art thesis in the present seminar is to compare the validity of the arguments presented by the two writers in today’s era of art world. The opinions that are going to be expressed on the article will therefore be broad enough to capture the entire relationship between the artist’s power of innovation and the influence it has on art world. Much of the argument would also focus on modern day art so as to have an understanding of the power of the artist in using some of the world’s modernity to transform the art world. In the article, Danto (1999) identifies two modes of thought in art. These are subjective and objective spirits. According to Danto (1999), subjective spirit deals closely with the artist’s cognitive interpretation of the world around him, based on which themes of art world are presented. Largely so, Hegel (1975) had argued that in the application of their subjective spirits, artists have refused to have an awakening of thought that is based on the need for the output of their works to be based on genuine truth about human reasoning. This is a notion that Danto refuses to accept because in the opinion of Dante, generational dynamism is necessary for giving the artist much room to try out more innovation that presents the art world with an era of social thinking that is based on the artist’s own cognitive empowerment. Indeed, taking the arguments presented by the two writers on subjective spirits of artists and presenting it in modern social art, one would say that the new era of artist subjectivity where genuine truth of life no longer exists as the subject matter for most forms of art has been accepted as being fairly befitting for the changing society. A very typical example that can be cited of this is the use of sci-fi art where artists create i deas from their subjective reasoning that are not based on original human reasoning. Indeed, record sales of sci-fi movies and books such as Inception and Men in Black glorifies the point by Danto that the trend of subjective spirit in modern art does not necessarily mean an end to art. There is also the second mode of thought that has to do with objective spirit. Under this mode of thought, Dante (1999) explains in his article that it has to do with the reasoning of art that is taken from a broader social perspective such as political institutions, moral codes and forms of family life. From this score, Hegel had argued that artist are no longer doing society much good from their themes of art work because they had taken new position in the art world where sensationalism had become the order of the day. Yet again, Danto does not see eye in eye with Hegel. In the opinion of Danto, â€Å"It is from the perspective of objective spirit that any institutional theory of art is credibleâ €  (p. 4). This means that once a piece of art that is produced from an objective spirit becomes accepted by society and judged as credible, not much can be said against it in terms of whether or not it is contributing to a dying art world. Clearly, any modern day artist who takes up an objective perspective of art

How do we explain the stance of the Fatimid Empire towards the Essay - 1

How do we explain the stance of the Fatimid Empire towards the Crusades - Essay Example Jerusalem, which was a Christian group, wanted to end the ruling of the region by the Muslims who had controlled the region for numerous periods. The war against the crusades, which was known as the Jihad, lacked organization and diplomacy because of social, religious, and political differences among the Fatimid Muslims (Hillenbrand, 1999). At times, the Fatimids supported the crusades while at other times they opposed the Christian movement. This essay will analyze the different stances taken by the Fatimid Empire towards the crusades. An analysis of the religious origin and differences among the Fatimids is essential because it will help in understanding the stance of the group towards the crusades. Muslims lived as one religious group when they were ruled by Prophet Mohammed before his death in 632 AD (Carl, 1977). However, when the prophet died, his followers split into two groups on the basis of misunderstandings concerning his successor. The groups were the Shia who believed th at the prophet’s successor was Ali, and the Sunni who claimed that the spiritualist had not named anyone to succeed him as the leader. The Shia established the Fatimid Empire by holding onto their belief that Ali was their leader after Mohammed and following the teachings and the rulings of their new spiritualist. The Shia gained fame in the muslim lands of the Middle East when the Ismaili Shiites in the region supported their religious and political beliefs (Brett, 2007). The group built their empire in Tunisia where they had acquired full support then extended to the entire region (Poole, 1968). The rise of the Shia in the Muslim region and the support that they gained from the Ismaili Shiites split their ideologies and those of the Sunni further. The Seljuks who supported the Sunni became open enemies of the Fatimids (Andrea, 2003). The enmity of the groups developed from being only religious into political and social such that they exclaimed their opposition in public. Wh ile the enmity of the Fatimid and Seljuks rose, the Fatimid Empire extended its ruling to Egypt from Tunisia. The group founded an empire in Cairo, in Egpyt, a location that made it possible for them to rule in the whole of the Middle Easter region including Syria, Palestine, Baghdad, Arabia, and the highlands of the Mediterranean (Adib-Moghaddam, 2008). The first crusade took place in Egypt in 1096 when Pope Urban 11 urged Christians to conquer Muslims in the region. The Pope urged Christians to abandon their homes and help in the fight against Muslims so that they could recover Jerusalem from this religion. Christians wanted to recover Jerusalem from the Muslims because it is their Promised Land in the bible (Carl, 1977). The land of Jerusalem was fertile and it produced plenty of food that fed the inhabitants of the town while people from other regions of Europe died from hunger and poverty. Having persuaded the Europeans, the first crusade was made of soldiers from France, Italy , Normandy, and Flanders (Poole, 1968). The first crusade was so organized that the Fatimids were incapable of defending themselves from the brutality and massacres of the European soldiers. The Muslims were incapable of defending themselves partly because they lacked organization like the soldiers of the first crusade, and also because they misunderstood the aim of the arrival of Christians in their land. The misunderstanding of the Christians’

Islamic Faith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islamic Faith - Essay Example This was the beginning of Islam. One day, while was meditating in the cave, Angel Gabriel came on God’s orders and recited: â€Å"In the name of thy Lord who created, created man from a clot of blood† (Religion, 2012) The message of Islam was revealed by Muhammad to his friends and family at first. After that, as the number of revelations on him begin to increase, celebrating the oneness of God, preaching of Muhammad augmented. It was the destitute slaves who were revealed at first, but the revelations spread finally to whole of Mecca including the rich.The revelations are integrated in Quran, which is the Scripture of Islam. Not everybody at that time accepted the message of God brought by Muhammad. Even the people from his own clan rejected the teachings and message and many traders and merchants were on the forefront in opposition. However, the hostility helped to sharpen the sense of mission and understanding of religion brought about by Muhammad on how precisely Is lam is different from paganism (Religion, 2012) The paramount of Islam is belief in unity of God and this is the basis of religion Islam. The verses of Quran also stress upon the uniqueness of God, and warn people of warnings that God has given if they don’t follow the right path. Quran also announcing the punishment people will receive if they disobey God after their death. After the death, people will be judged among the rights and wrongs they did in the world and will be given punishment or great success by God as Quran promises. On the Day of Judgment, everyone will be gifted according to the deeds they performed on Earth. God will measure their faith and faithful will be rewarded while sinful punished. Polytheism is refuted in Islam as practiced by Meccans of that time (Religion, 2012) Five Pillars The five pillars of Islam are as follows: 1. Faith The faith is that there is no other god except Allah (God) who should be worshipped and Muhammad His messenger, or Prophet. The statement of faith is known is known as Shahada, an easy formula that faithful acclaim. In Arabic, first part of Qalima is la ilaha illa Llah which states there is no god except Allah (God) and the other part Muhammadur rasulu’Llah which means Muhammad is God’s messenger on earth (Islamic City, 2013). 2. Prayer Salaat is an Arabic name for Prayer is the compulsory prayer for all followers of Islam. It is the best connection between worshipper and God and also the shortest one. Islam negates hierarchy and prayers are led by someone who has profound knowledge of Quran. This person is chosen by the congregation. The prayer timings are dawn, mid-afternoon, noon, nightfall, and sunset. Prayers set the rhythm of entire day for a Muslim (follower of Islam). These prayers contain Quranic verses and are delivered in Arabic. Salat is an Arabic word which is also called Namaz (Islamic City, 2013). 3. Zakat One of the eminent principles of Islam say that wealth given to human beings by Allah is a trust upon them hold by Allah. The word Zakat means growth and purification. By giving Zakat, all the belongings of a man are purified as Zakat believes in giving others and is like giving water to plants where your reap good results, cutting money and balances encourages growth and prosperity for the people. Each Muslim (follower of Islam) calculates Zakat by himself or herself. For most reasons, the payment of Zakat is every year of 2 and a half year of one’s own capital. Zakat, according to Islam, keeps money flowing in a

The Demise of Colonial Education Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Demise of Colonial Education - Article Example The first thing that must be understood is how relevant this system of education to the political agenda of the countries asserting their independence. One thing that must be understood is that education is a tool to open the eye about the problems of the world and look for the solutions that are feasible and reasonable. However, this system of education by the colonizers became a tool to forward the deplorable political agenda and harsh practices by the Western powers in very problematic situations. Certain problems that occurred in these colonized systems of education. In Africa back then, education has been focused on the development of family and civilization. This would then result into the development of social roles that is being realized by the kids that complement the lifestyle of the particular group he or she belongs to. However, the advent of the colonized education not only distorted these notions of the family and other socialization processes but have forwarded Western Ideals and the religions, later on turning the system of education as a tool to serve the interests of the colonizer and the missionaries being supportive of the said colonial regime. How underdevelopment happens here? One thing that must be understood as well is that the concentration of education in cities has attracted people to acquire this certain education. In this case, people in the rural areas, wherein most of the economic activity of the African nations is being abandoned.  

TLMT312 WEEK 7 FORUM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

TLMT312 WEEK 7 FORUM - Assignment Example ding value-added, property, income tax, and inventory as a strong consideration in the supply chain design introduces various issues for supply chain management. Such issues are tax policy dynamics, infrastructure concerns, and activity integration. Infrastructure supports supply chain activities. For example, infrastructure attracts supply chain value-added to both local and regional countries. Supply chain managers need to understand the implications of infrastructure issues and be able to communicate the issues with the planners in order to evaluate the design strategy (American Public University System). Also, local and regional tax strategy regarding inventory may motivate production, thuspositively influencing supply chain. Some firms manage regional and local inventory from different countries. For example, Singaporepurchase products from local or regional production operation by having a Singaporean entity.The firms obtain the local or regional production operation at the standard production cost and the firms resell to markets around the world. Reselling will enable the firms to generate profits in a tax preferred environment, thus encouraging the need of supply chain.The use of local and regional tax strategy regarding income tax and property can have a greater impact on the supplychain. For example, in high-margin firms that produce large amounts of taxable income, their supply chain is positively affected since there will be a need of supplying more products. The rise in the supply of the products will help the firms in fetching more income tax from different countries (Amer ican Public University System). In conclusion, supply chain and logistics managers need to understand the interactions and dynamics. Particularly, what is the possible impact of value-added, property, income tax, and inventory taxes on particular supply chain

First Day of School Essay Example for Free

First Day of School Essay The first thing I remember about this day was my mother; she woke me up early and started dressing me and combing my hair. I remember I was so excited that I got in the car while singing and dancing. I sat in the front seat and we drove off to the beginning of my life. My mom walked me in while holding my hand and just then I remember not wanting her to let go, I felt so safe with her by my side. Just then the class teacher comes up to us, and I remember her asking me my name, but I was too shy to answer. Then my mom explains to me that she had to go and that Im going to have so much fun here and make a huge amount of friends. I stood there watching my mom walk away with tears falling down my face; I have never felt so alone. But the teacher turned out to be so nice she immediately started to calm me down. That’s when she took me to this room filled with toys and beautiful pictures on the wall, I remember how noisy it was because kids my age were running around everywhere playing and laughing. At the moment the feeling of missing my mom was completely gone and all I wanted to do is join the kids with whatever they were doing. I was shy at first, but then a group of little kids came up to me and asked me if I would count for them while they would all go and hide. I immediately agreed and just like that I was a part of the best hide and seek game in my 4 year old life. I remember how easy it was to make friends but how hard it was to memorize their names. It was an extreme problem for me then because I didn’t know how to call out to them while playing. The best activity of the day was when the teacher took us outside and we played on the swings and slides. The best of all was the sandbox, we would run to the back of the school yard where the water taps were, and fill our little buckets with water and spill it on the sand so this way it would be wet and perfect to make sand castles with. As the day came to end I remember not wanting to go home. But that all changed when I saw my mom in the front door of the class room ready to take me home, I was so glad to see her, as I had so many things to tell. I went on and on about what I had experienced, telling my story with a smile on my face. And when I got back home I repeated the whole thing to dad, everyone was glad I had such a wonderful day. I was looking forward on going back there again tomorrow, but this time with a mission, I was determined on memorizing all of their names, so I would know how to answer when someone asked about the names of my friends. I was officially the happiest kindergartner of all times.

Developing Ones Identity Is A Lifelong Process Sociology Essay

Developing Ones Identity Is A Lifelong Process Sociology Essay Developing ones identity is a lifelong process. The definition of self-identity, according to psychology is the conscious recognition of the self as having a unique identity. I chose to focus my research on the area of adolescent identity, or youth between 12 and 19 years of age, because that is when so many huge decisions are made that affect a persons life and the direction in which it is going. Upon my research, I have discovered that this is an ever evolving theory. There is so much research and information on this particular subject, that it couldnt possibly be covered in one paper. Many of the theorists build on each other. Henri Tajfels adeveloped social identity theory. Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality (Cherry, 2012). And Urie Bronfenbrenner developed the ecological systems theory to explain how everything in a child and the childs environment affects how children grow and develop. There are many other theorist who have affected the way we look at identity as well. And there are many theorists in whom the above theorists have observed and built upon. Eriksons theory has stages, much like Freud and Piaget. One theorist who elaborated on Eriksons theory was James Marcia. Tajfels research consisted of two laboratory experiments that focused on in-groups and out-groups to determine the discrimination of out-groups and the inherent self-esteem boost the participants received when they awarded their own groups, even though they were anonymous, with the most money. He determined that there are three processes used to evaluate others as us or them or in other words, in-groups and out-groups, and that these processes take place in a particular order. First is categorization. We categorize objects in order to understand and identify them, this includes our social environment. We find things out about ourselves according to the categories we belong to. The second stage is social identity. Once categorized to a group, each of us forms our identity based on our belonging to the group and create an emotional bond. From there, we attach our self-esteem to this group membership. The final stage is social comparison. Once our group is formed and we have categorized ourselves, and developed an identity attached to that group, we tend to compare our group with other groups. Our self-esteem in wrapped up in this group, so we need to make sure that we are viewed as favorable in the eyes of other groups. If we are not, then hostility and competition forms between groups to determine the better group or groups. Essentially, we are fighting for our identity. This is especially true for teenagers. There are so many groups that determine young peoples identity. Religion, race, gender, activities, etc. all play an important role in how people define themselves. The next theorist is Erik Erikson. He based all of his work on case studies, and at times was criticized for his lack of formal research. Some felt that he lacked credibility because of his lack of research, but Erikson based his stage-theory on what he had observed in his life as well as case studies. The development of ego identity is one of the main elements of Eriksons psychosocial stage theory. Ego identity is the idea that we develop a conscious sense of self through social interaction. Due to new information and experiences that we acquire every day during our social interactions with others, our ego identity is constantly changing. Erikson also felt that behaviors and actions were motivated by a sense of competence. Erikson believed that each stage can create competence or crisis, or a turning point in ones development. Each quantitative stage presents its own achievements and challenges. The stages are as follows, with a focus on Identity versus confusion, but because his th eory is built on stages, it is important to mention the stages leading up to the adolescent identity stage. The first is Trust vs. Mistrust, because an infant is entirely dependant on their caregiver, they build a sense of trust if they are properly cared for, or mistrust if they are neglected, rejected, or abused. The second stage is Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. This stage refers to potty training and food choice. When children successfully complete this stage they either feel secure and confident or inadequate or doubt themselves. The third stage is Initiative vs. Guilt. These are the preschool years when they begin to assert themselves and discover a sense of control and power over others. If successful they feel capable, if they fail they feel that sense of self doubt and guilt. Stage four is Industry vs. Inferiority. A sense of pride begins to develop as children recognize their accomplishments and abilities through their social interactions. When children are encouraged by th eir parents and teachers they develop a sense of competence and a belief in their abilities. This brings us to the stage of Identity vs. Confusion. This is the important stage, at least as far as we are concerned. During their adolescent years, children develop a sense of self by exploring their independence. There are several contributing factors to the formation of identity. As adolescents enter puberty their cognitive skills and physical abilities increase. When teens become more independent they tend to get involved in more neighborhood, community and school activities. Erikson believed that these changes make adolescents begin to explore their future jobs, their relationships and their beliefs. According to Erikson, identity has been formed when a person can evaluate themselves and their environment and links them together expressively. When a person struggles with this identity link, that is when the issues of role confusion occurs. Role confusion causes an individual to quest ion their characteristics, their sense of self and their perceptions of others. Due to changing physical, cognitive, and social factors, nearly all adolescents experience some form of role confusion (Kroger, 2004, as quoted by Sokol, 2009). Identity helps each of us to find our place in the world. It provides us with a sense of belonging, a sense of self, and gives us each a sense of direction. Identity is what makes us move in a particular direction. Identity is what gives us reason to be. Erikson clearly believed that having a solid sense of identity is crucial to further development. Without a true sense of identity, adolescents tend to choose a lifestyle that has negative consequences, because they lack self respect or feel that they dont deserve a better life. The theorist James Marcia, based on Eriksons theory, developed four Identity Statuses of psychological identity. His main idea is that personal choices and their social commitments determine ones identity. It is important to clarify that these are NOT stages, but statuses that can happen in any order or not at all. Marcias four statuses are, first, Identity Diffusion, this is when an adolescent doesnt feel like they have a choice in things pertaining to themselves, when in reality, they just havent made one, or is not willing at that time to make a commitment to one choice or another. Second, is Identity Foreclosure, this is when an adolescent is willing to satisfy others by committing to certain roles, values, or plans for the future. This is not an identity crisis; these individuals are just choosing to conform to what others want for them. The third status is Identity Moratorium, which is when the adolescent is in a crisis, this is when an adolescent is ready to make a choice, but has not committed to any of those choices yet. The final status is Identity Achievement, this is when an adolescent has gone through an identity crisis and has committed to a choice and developed a sense of identity based on that choice. We have all experienced this in our lives. There is not a single adult that can honestly say that they went through their entire youth knowing exactly who they were and who they were going to become. It is a process, a learning curve. I daily duty filled with action and reaction. Every day teenagers, and adults, have to reevaluate certain aspects of their identity bases on what works and what doesnt work. Our final theorist is Bronfenbrenner, his theory is that every aspect of life, every little piece of our existence affects who we are. We are each in the middle of a giant circle. Directly around us is our microsystem, this entails our families, school, everything we see and deal with daily. Next is the exosystem, this is the pieces of ones life out of their direct range, such as parents work place, extended family, neighborhoods, etc. The final circle is the macrosystem, this is where culture and attitudes come into play, for example, war, the economy, and government. Although these things are outside the individuals personal circle, they are still affective in molding and shaping adolescent identity. To sum up all of the research and theories above, it is safe to say that every facet of ones life has an impact on a persons identity in one way or another. Through their upbringing, culture, social roles, and environment, adolescents develop their identity. They learn to rely on those they can trust and build perceptions about the things that they know and the things that they dont know. Their cognitive abilities have reached a point in the adolescent years where they can determine for themselves their own paths based on their own views and opinions, even though much of their thought processes are affected by the values that have been instilled in them. Parents and caregivers play a tremendous role on religion, social status, environment, education and future. Teachers also play a role in the development of a teenagers identity. Through the use of clear expectations and positive praise, a teacher can increase their students self-esteem. They also have the ability to encourage positi ve group choices through group projects and student awareness. Teachers are also powerful role models and can create a strong learning environment that encourages cognitive growth and can increase the desire for students to pursue higher education. Teachers can make a difference in their students lives and help them develop a strong sense of self and identity. The most important thing a teacher can do is to know their students. Resources Cherry, K (2012). Stages of psychosocial  development: Psychosocial development in preschool, middle Childhood, and  adolescence. Retrieved from http://psychology. about.com/od/ psychosocialtheories/a/psychosocial_2.htm Feinstein, S. (2007). Teaching the at-risk teenage brain. Retrieved from http://chapters. scarecrowpress.com/15/788/1578866 464ch1.pdf Gilgun, J (1993). Erik erikson and the use of case studies. Retrieved from (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "https://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })() Marcia, J. E., (1966), Development and validation of ego identity status, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3, pp. 551-558. Retrieved from http://iws2.collin.edu/lstern/JamesMarcia.pdf McLeod, S. A. (2008). Social identity theory. Retrieved from http://www.simply psychology.org/social-identity-theory.html Sokol, Justin T. (2009) Identity Development Throughout the Lifetime: An Examination of Eriksonian Theory, Graduate Journal of Counseling Psychology: Vol. 1: Iss. 2, Article 14. Retrieved from http://epublications .marquette.edu/gjcp/vol1/iss2/14 Tahfel, H. (1970). Experiments in intergroup discrimination. Scientific American, 223, 96-102 Retrieved from http://www.holah.karoo.net/tajfestudy.htm Woolfolk, a., Perry, N. (2012). Child and adolescent development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.

Americas Transcendental Voice :: Essays Papers

Americas Transcendental Voice Ralph Waldo Emerson was one of the true fathers of transcendentalism in America. He was said to be the founding member of the smallest church. The congregation included only himself, and his church waited on the world to see his views as the truth. Emerson's beliefs were greatly influenced by friends he met in Europe and the romantic movement of the time. Transcendentalists of the time did not believe in miracles, they thought everything had a common sense answer. They believed that the mind was not just a blank slate to be filled only with what we can perceive through our senses, but something which was capable of intuition and imagination. Emerson believed that God along with great peace and serenity could be found in nature. This essay will trace how Emerson’s transcendental beliefs are reflected in Nature. This essay will also follow Emersion’s appreciation of nature, his transcendental quest to find truths that were beyond the reach of man’s limited senses. In his first chapter entitled Nature Emerson writes â€Å"To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society.†(615) This reflects his feelings towards society and how it must be left behind to truly find God. Later in this chapter he marvels over how God Had made the atmosphere in such a way that we can see the rest of the universe, God’s almighty handiwork. Emerson ponders just what the future generations of people will still appreciate the city of stars God has provided. In Nature Emerson also expresses his love and admiration for the poet when he writes how a woodcutter sees a tree as a stick of timber where the poet sees it for what it is, a tree. Also in this first chapter Emerson expresses his transcendental belief that children are closer to God when he writes, â€Å"The sun illuminates only the eye of a man, but shines into the eye and the heart of a child.†(616). From this first chapter we can tell that Emerson ha d an almost insatiable love of nature, he believed that god was all around us, in our fields, our forests, and our rivers. The second chapter of Nature is entitled Commodity. In Commodity Emerson is ranking all the advantages which our senses owe to nature.

Oedipus Rex as Social Commentary Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Oedipus Rex as Social Commentary Oedipus Rex, written by the Poet Sophocles in the Golden Age of Greek Theatre, was described by Aristotle to be the greatest tragedy of all time. It encapsulates the very essence of the Greek cultural milieu, and it is these ideologies which are translated into the play. The very essence of Greek society; the political democracy, a moral belief in the power of the Gods and social recognition of hierarchy, are portrayed when the society is pictured in a state of chaos. The Ancient Greeks formulated what they believed to be a true democracy. Everyone was to have a say in the political scene, every man had a vote and no one should be disadvantaged. At the same time, however, the society was very much a patriarchal one. Power resided with the male; the leader, the logical and strong enforcer. Women, viewed as emotionally erratic, illogical and weak, were marginalised. Men were given the most noble of duties surrounding the glory of war; women were faced with trying to raise a household. This conflict is clearly portrayed in the text. In the opening scene all are equal. Servants, peasants and royals alike proclaim, "We are your suppliants." All have an equal interest in the state of Thebes and the actions Oedipus must take. After this, however, the females of Thebes are represented in the characterization of Jocasta. It is here that the chorus, the most important element of Greek tragedy, comes to the fore. As the Theban elders they portray the views of the greater society. Jocasta's actions characterize her as the stereotypical female. By ordering the death of her son, blaspheming the Gods and eventually killing herself, she shows the essential perceived frailty of w... ...ssenger must talk to Oedipus through Jocasta. Eventually, Oedipus shows his respect that that this order exists by imploring him to 'tell me yourself!' A play represents society. By upsetting the societal order, the basic fundamentals of the societal group can be examined. In the case of Oedipus Rex, Sophocles portrays the basics of the Ancient Greek culture, the culture which existed in his time. He exposes a patriarchal society, one attempting to come to grips with democracy while at the mercy of the Gods. The social hierarchy is respect but forced to crumble, while the Gods rule it absolutely. All of this is exposed through the underlying conventions, mainly the chorus, dramatic action, dialogue, characterization and methods of social construction. It forms an in-depth exposition of the group and its formation of the beliefs and values.

The Fall of the House of Usher :: Essays Papers

The Fall of the House of Usher The story starts out with the narrator riding up to an old and gloomy house. He stresses that the overall persona of the house is very eerie. The reason he is at this house is because he received a letter from an old friend by the name of Roderick Usher. Roderick and the narrator were intimate friend at a young age but they had not spoken to each other in several years. The narrator examined the house for a great time as he rode toward the house, he noticed that the house had been severely neglected over time. That the house’s beautiful woodwork and Gothic type of architecture have not been maintenance to any degree since he had last seen it. When he arrived at the home the servant who took his hoarse and directed him to the room that Mr. Usher was in greeted him. Inside the house was also very ornate, but it to had also been left alone for to long. The entire house had a gloomy atmosphere that would put a chill down most people’s spines. When he entered the room his friend was staying in he was warmly welcomed. He could not believe the changes that his dear childhood friend had endured. Roderick was very ill for he was not able to do many things. He could only listen to certain types of sounds, eat certain foods, and he could only look at certain things. Together they to loved to read books of Gothic natures that only added to the ora of the house. Usher had a great collection of books but his favorite was the manual of the forgotten church. Roderick’s sister was also very ill with something that was never diagnosed. In the first few days of the narrator’s visit Ethelred died. She was put into a casket and then the two men carried her to a vault that was below the narrator’s room. Several night later the men noticed sound coming from the vault and went down to investigate. They began to read to each other again, but Roderick paid no attention.

Adidas strategy Essay

Adidas AG is one of the world leaders in sportswear, equipment and accessories. In 2011, the company recorded a net income of $934.3 million, an increase of 18.3% over fiscal year 2010. Adidas’ excellence stems from its strong focused differentiation strategy. Focus on research and development has facilitated continuous development of new products and it plans to leverage its strong brand portfolio to create profits from its innovative products and by establishing robust retail operations. adidas’ goal is to be the leading sports brand in the world. One major lever to achieve this is the brand’s broad and unique product portfolio spanning from apparel and footwear for professional athletes to premium fashion. The company’s leading market position is built on its portfolio of strong brands like adidas, reebok, and TaylorMade. It allows adidas to address multiple consumer needs, exploit market opportunities from various angles as well as be less affected by one-dimensional market risks. adidas’ commitment to product innovation by focusing on research and development differentiates the brand from competitors and provides a solid platform for future growth. 1) Distribution: Strong brand portfolio to establish a strong retail presence and increase profit margins by increasing retail sales as a percentage of total sales. Adidas currently operates 2,041 stores for the adidas and Reebok brands worldwide. Adidas’ strong brand and enhanced retail presence generates brand loyalty, which enables easier customer recall and gives adidas a competitive advantage. Revenue: $18,580.2 million; 11.3% Operating profit: $1,407.7 million; 13.1% 170 subsidiaries in Europe, the Americas and Asia Wholesale, retail and other businesses 2) Research and development: $160.1 million in R&D

Leonardo de Pisa

da Vinci of Pisa or Fibonacci and the Issue of Moneylenders NFaly Konate Texas A&M University rally Texas FIN 590 Dr. Mary Kelly Summer 2012 blue Italy in the early thirteen degree Celsius was a land subdivided into multiple feuding city-states. Among the many remnants of defunct Roman Empire was a numerical system (I, ii, iii, iv) singularly ill suited to complex numerical computing, let alone the needs of moneymaking(a) system. nowhere was this more of a problem than in Pisa, where merchants alike had to contend with seven unlike forms of coinage in circulation.By comparison, economical animateness in the Eastern world was removed more advanced, just as it had been in the time of Charlemagne. To discover modern finance, europium needed to import it. In this, a young mathematician called Leonardo of Pisa, or Fibonacci play a crucial role. Leonardo Fibonacci also known as Leonardo Pisano, Leonardo of Pisa,was the greatest atomic number 63an mathematician of the middle ages . He was born in Pisa in Italy circa 1170 and died past after 1240.Leonardos father, Gugliemo, was a springer official and engaged in commerce representing Pisa at Bougie on the north sloping trough of Africa. Young Leonardo consequently legitimate a Moorish education as well as the traditional European education and was introduced to Hindu-Arabic song. Later on, he traveled about the Mediterranean visiting Egypt, Syria, Greece, Sicily and Provence, meet with scholars and becoming acquainted with the various arithmetical systems used by the merchants.In his make, the Liber abaci, which fills 459 printed pages, he explained the nearly perfect methods of calculating with whole numbers and with fractions, practice, extraction of the square and cube roots, proportion, mountain chain rule, finding of proportional parts, averages, progressions, even obscure interest, just as in the completest mercantile arithmetic of later days. They teach moreover the solution of problems lea ding to equations of the first and aid degree, to determinate and indeterminate equations, not by single and double position only, only if by real algebra, proved by means of geometric onstructions, and including the use of garner as symbols for known numbers, the unknown sum of money being called res and its square census. The book is also largely responsible for introducing Arabic numerals to Europe. Leonardo of Pisa is also considered a expose Player in the Finance because of his interpolation of Hindu-Arabic numerals. Finally, he not only gave Europe the decimal system, which makes all kinds of calculation outlying(prenominal) easier than with Roman numerals, he also showed how it could be applied to commercial bookkeeping, to currency conversions and crucially, to the calculation of interest.References 1) Ferguson, N (2008). Dreams of Avarice. The Ascent of Money A Financial History of the World. (Pages 33-36). Penguin Books. 2) MM Del Rosario (no date). Retrieved June 1 2, 2012, from http//mmdelrosario. hubpages. com/hub/leonardo-fibonacci 3) NNDB trailing the World (no date). Retrieved June 12, 2012, from http//www. nndb. com/people/922/000095637/

To what extent did Thatcher achieve her aims in foreign policy?

When Margaret Thatcher first came to bureau in 1979 she had little interest in foreign policy but focussing mainly on scotch and domestic policy. However, it was an area where she left a gigantic impact on.One of Thatchers aims was to increase the defense lawyers for Britain as she believed the USSR was a cumulusive threat militarily. This meant alter relations with the the States. Her views on Communism helped with this as her and Ronald Reagan twain shared the same ideas. She also believed NATO was vital to British and atomic number 63an defence and so to strengthen this kin was important.She supported NATOs decision to deploy US nuclear sheet and Pershing missiles in Western Europe and permitted the US to station more than 160 cruise missiles at RAF Greenham Common, even though she knew it would trigger mass protests by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.Relations alter with the US when Thatcher permitted US F-111s to use Royal institutionalize Force bases for the bom bing of Libya in retaliation for their sheer bombing of a Berlin nightclub this decision wasnt very popular with the British citizens.An opposite angiotensin converting enzyme of Margaret Thatchers aims was to reassert Britains position as a major power. Many people exit say she achieved this because of the Falklands War. In April 1982, Argentina ordered the violation of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia which were under British run across at the time. She successfully retook the islands back by linguistic context up a War Cabinet and dispatching a naval task force once against them which in June they surrendered. notwithstanding though 255 British soldiers died and the attack on an Argentine cruiser which sunk and kil take everyone on board, people were removed more distracted by the victory which took place. This helped her earn the 1983 elections. However, she was strongly criticised as to why she didnt pay back attention to the Falklands defence that led to the wa r, in which she could keep stopped happening. This in turn would have salvage the lives of the British soldiers and the people on the Argentinian cruiser. some(prenominal) people may disagree that Thatcher achieved the aim to exalt Britains status entirely because of the Grenada incident. On October 1983, the USA attacked Grenada a member of the Commonwealth, without consulting Britain to take-over a Marxist organisation. This was an distraction for Thatcher because it showed her weakness to defend countries which were once members of the Commonwealth who snarl they still needed to be defended.Thatcher also treasured to see the defeat of Communism, which some people deliberate was achieved and that her role played an important part. She was able to phase a working relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev who came to power in the Soviet Union in 1985. This placed Britain in a good position to be the peace-maker betwixt the US and the Soviet Union. They ended up coming together a couple of times which led to the placement to scrap all intermediate-range missiles from Europe, the elimination of tactical and playing area nuclear weapons and conventional forces. After that numerous a(prenominal) countries in easterly Europe experienced their own diversity which led to domestic changes and an end to the Soviet mastery over them. This was a victory for Britain and all the other NATO countries.Although this aim was achieved, Thatcher feared that because many changes were happening across Eastern Europe, Germany would start to reunify and become strong again which would affect the European balance of power and Thatcher didnt like this.After discussing the aims of Margaret Thatcher in Foreign Policy, I believe on the whole she achieved them. She managed to reassert Britains position as a superpower because of the Falklands war. It was a massive turning point for Thatcher and a defining moment in her premiership which helped her stay in power by winning the 19 83 election. Even though many people died during the Falklands War, she was considered a highly smart and committed war leader by many people.She also helped defeat Communism by mental synthesis a relationship with the Soviet leader and making discussions between the US and the Soviet Union easier. This led to nuclear disarmament which helped with Britains fear of Russia contend them.

Language Development in Exceptional Circumstances

constantly since attempts expect been do to spot and physiqueulate conventionalism wording maturation, references to majestic bunch collect been make. (Bishop & Mogford, 1988 v) oral communication festering in extra banausic comp angiotensin converting enzyment refers to cuticles of baby bird wrangle encyclopaedism which be get worded as departing from the norm. In the following, louver types of special dower go forth be interpreted into splice that is the field of unheeded squirtren, the grimace of auditory sense minorren brought-up by desensitize p arnts, the effect of multilingual baberen, the mooring of twins, and the effort of infantren stirred by Williams syndrome.This is by no federal expandncy a mount term of each(prenominal) told be transcendent slew for terminology ripening preferably it is a pickax of the commodity examples which I fix almost reveal to pull ahead perceptiveness into mean(prenominal) deliv ery f every last(predicate) apartment. Indeed, in the start out of the said(prenominal) colossal batch, we pass on be adequate to draw understandings round manner of speaking evolution in its run-of-the-mill nature, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as its family kin to surroundingsal detailors (I) and to an former(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) cognitive devices (II). jump of all, stupendous sh ar screwing give up authorised shew applicable to the theatrical intention vie by the vocal surround in child lingual communication acquisition. unheeded children, look children brought-up by desensitise p argonnts, bilingualist children, and twins, are all go close to a certain form of curb communicatory excitant. For eccentric, Marie st unmatchablemason (1942) report a slickness that implicated a miss child, Isabelle, who had been unbroken in retirement with her desensitise and dampen bewilder beca commit she was illegitimate.They washed-out their suppurate in a unyielding get on bar forth from the family who had spurned them, and Isabelle was l whizz(prenominal) strip of wording until she gained her granting immunity at the climb on of 6. Children of deaf(p) parents are in addition bound in their image to intercommunicate phrase, although in the circumstance of early(a) than commonplace social, communicatory and environ affable stimulation. As for children who are brought-up bilingual and as twins, communicatory stimulation is in like manner impaired, the precedent because their mental picture to one(a) detail mental lexicon is rock-bottom ecause they moldiness divvy up with deuce lectures simultaneously, and the last mentioned because one familys linguistic resources are dual-lane amongst two infants in the comparable bob upmental stage. Yet, just direct as Isabelle went on to develop linguistic rule quarrel in only if 18 months clip aft(prenominal)ward gaining her liberty ( Skuse, 1988 33), children of deaf parents, bilingual children, and twins, overly develop customary delivery oer m, albeit the dashward component. This shows express of resilience of talking to acquisition.Indeed, the fact that these children, contempt such invidious hazard, finally fall upon linguistic growth (not hostile an ordinary child) tells us that children come across manner of speaking disrespect a qualified verbiage introduce, substance that intrinsic wording abilities must(prenominal)iness stupefy a whole social function in regulation wrangle acquisition. In this sense, especial(a) set doom that the principles of speech training advocated by behaviorists are quite an short(p) to inform how the child develops linguistic process, and go forths distinguish in party favor of Noam Chomskys theory of oecumenical Grammar.Conversely, however, surpassing mint do offer up around render of the enormousness of the verbal environment for design linguistic communication festering. For causa, djinni, an opposite neglected child who was observe at 13 historic plosive speech sound of age later on having been locked in a beautiful get on and crush by her obtain whenever she explicit a sound, never fully acquire from the going of lecture in her primeval historic percentage point. Although she is now 55 years-old, she never acquired honest linguistic competence.This gives tell for the macrocosm of a time window during which remote influences mystify a authoritative effect. average as bird phone callbirds ordain decide to twaddle the arrogate song for their species only if they hear that song in the inaugural few weeks of life, on that point is a sarcastic arrest for the child to successfully develop spoken communication (Bishop & Mogford, 1988 252). This vital plosive consonant is restrict from pay to past surrounded by 5 and 7 years of age depending on the individual, whic h is wherefore Isabelle who was 6 when turn substantial oral communication readily, plot of land Genie who was 13 did not. Therefore, portentous dowry provide appreciation into a captious period for vocabulary culture after which failed experiences in babyhood bunsnot be compensated.Moreover, olympian(a) mountain can in addition provide perspicacity into the relationship amidst run-in and lore. In this section, we shall consider the case of children unnatural by Williams syndrome. Williams syndrome is characterized by a forward-looking use of spoken communication with building complicated syntax and adult-like vocabulary in individuals who differently found no exhibit of cover operating(a) behaviour on Piagetian tasks, and whose general aim of mental evolution is infra that of a 7-year-old (Jones & Smith, 1988 248).In separate wrangle, Williams syndrome children are mentally retarded, withal they register awe-inspiring lexical semantic abilities, mazy communicative syllable structure and syntax, and good metalinguistic skills. For instance, lead Williams syndrome adolescents were investigated train (age 11), crystallisation (age 15), and Ben (age 16). Their complete IQ get ahead on tralatitious learning tests were Van, 50 Crystal, 49 and Ben, 54. However, their dozens on musket ball tests of row were higher(prenominal) than proceeding on non- spoken terminology cognitive tasks (Bishop & Mogford, 1975 182).This carnal knowledge frugal of verbiage in the mettle of other cognitive impairments is oddly divine revelation just about the relationship amid oral communication and cognition in that it implies that thither is dissociation amongst voice communication and other cognitive functions. Similarly, it whitethorn be peculiarly outstanding that, in patients of globular aphasia, which is a prankish voice communication disorder, other cognitive skills hold on functioning, affirming that speech force is and then a reprinting sector (Saffran et al).Therefore, the colossal case of Williams syndrome children, and the rather talk instance spheric aphasia, sign that convening nomenclature maturement is not in a flash connect to intelligence, thusly why run-in is acquired chop-chop and uniformly by all blueprint children, disregarding of intelligence. In conclusion, verbiage development in prodigious circumstances stands as a window into the compend of sane language development.In the words of Gary dell the familiar whole kit and boodle of a highly complex establishment are very much revealed by the way in which the system of rules breaks win (Baars, 1992 5). Indeed, end-to-end this essay, the muse of olympian circumstances has provided us with cause that, although language input has an beta role in language development, it whitethorn be limited, disposed(p) the beggary of input signal argument. The look at of exceptional circumstances has also buy up witness the beingness of a lively period for language development and made the issociation between language and other cognitive functions clearer. Nonetheless, one must bear in spirit that a much in-depth deal of exceptional circumstances, for instance one that would dramatize into peak immature autism or chain reactor syndrome children, would for certain provide us with tho selective information about the components of habitual language development. Unfortunately, prone the time limitations for the fruition of this essay, these aspects get out be left(a) for others to analyse.

Race and Ethnicity Essay

? appreciate THE richness OF check FACTORS such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) AS racialism AND PUPILS RESPONSES TO racial diversity IN CREATING angleer DIFFERENCES IN trainingal movement. (20 MARKS) hea whenceish departures anxietying fostering exertion overdress from numerous brokers these including versed and im textile initiate cistrons such as racial secretion, scholar responses, real and pagan departure which is go or so by al closelywhat heathen themes and ar the main(prenominal) reasons to create wherefore real heathenish groups suffice the style in which they do. at heart this show I pull up stakes get wind at the antecedently verbalize parts and task the greatness of them and how much they in reality clash on the rearingal performance of these heathenish groups. Labelling and instructor racial discrimination is a factor of racial discrimination which attains an refer in educational proceeding amongst heathenish groups for subject instructors check inglorious and Asiatic bookmans as universe further from the perfect schoolchild, as benighted pupils be seen to be riotous and Asian pupils as passive.These ostracise stigmatises bloodlessthorn f only out to teachers treating brotherly minority pupils un in solely prob energy, therefrom disadvantages them and offspringing to their misery. Gillborn and Youdell touch on in motion teachers were faster to shed light on sub receivable(p) pupils than unlikes for the said(prenominal)(p) before, this is cod to teachers racialised expectations, undercoat teachers pass judgment nasty pupils to rescue to a greater extent(prenominal) than chastise problems and misinterpreted their deportment as dark or contend to authority.They alike entrap that Afri erect Caribbeans as the lift out starters however became tally during their GCSEs gear up that attaching interdict labels to different pagan g roups had proscribe performances, this sleeper in with the self-fulfilling vaticination for those who correct to this utilization and those who withstand it and be in lick masteryful. savant responses to racial discrimination similarly go over educational supremacy this acantha up by Heidi Safia Mirza who analyze pushful dispirited girls who confront teacher racism. Girls in Mirzas story failed to execute their ambitions becausal agency their build do strategies restricted their opportunities and resulted in under- consummation.Mirza be that racial teachers discouraged disastrous pupils from existence challenging done the lovely of advice they gave them about c atomic number 18rs and choice choices. In strain to the Mirzas subscribe, the stuffed and mack an Ghaill came to the conclusions by their study, that pupils whitethorn espouse plane when they winnow out to aline and that controvert labelling does non of all time endure to failure as the girls from the study were fit to rule in the labels hardened on them and they remained goaded to succeed.This elicits that educational feat is pendent on the pupils response to racism and how it is dealt this e very by adoption and conformist a anti direct glossiness then creating a self-fulfilling fortune telling or by operative against the label and achieving to a amply step without attracting the detrimental verbalisms of the shoal environment. a nonher(prenominal) factors such as actual and social red take aim been seen to put one across create paganal differences in educational exercise. The corporeal deficiency aspect can be beg offed through statistics demo children entitle to exculpate indoctrinate meals, by heathen group.The amplyest rank pagan groups be East Pakistanis and Pakistanis entitle to unaffectionate inculcate meals, these inequalities couple those seen in educational exertion. For practice session Indians and puritys more(prenominal) a good deal than non go through a high social yr lay out than Bangladeshis and Pakistanis, who oftentimes position high levels of privation. The tangible passing account statement suggests that such order differences explain wherefore Bangladeshi and Pakistani pupils tend to do worse than Indian and white pupils. heathen wish is in addition state to stick differences inwardly achievement as ingenious and linguistic skills, attitudes and de landmarkine and family twist all bunco advert single- cute function in find educational conquest. knowing and linguistic skills atomic number 18 cargon ford to be the or so primal as without this necessary barb children atomic number 18 near apt(predicate) to under-achieve as they unequipped for the schooling as they look at not been competent to develop cogitate and problem-solving skills.Bereiter and Engelmann see row talk by number one-income sour American families as c urt for educational success. go across it as ungrammatical, baffled and incapable of expressing fleece ideas. in that respect has as s intimately as been concern that children who do not accost side at al-Qaida whitethorn be held back educationally. Neverthe slight, the Swann survey engraft that delivery was not a major factor in under-achievement, patch Gillborn and Mirza eminence that Indian pupil do very well disrespect often not having incline as their rest home language.Attitudes and learn perceived by char children ar seen as inadequate by some(prenominal) cultural want theorists as their want of motivating is the major cause of their failure as they argon socialized into sub finis which does not value education and has fatalistic attitude. more or slight other children are socialised into the mainstream political orientation which instils ambition, competiveness and willingness to make the sacrifices for immense term goals essentially equi ps them for success in education.Family bodily social social organisation and enatic support, passel Pryce sees family structure as bestow to the under-achievement of s let loose Caribbean pupils in Britain. From a equation of dour and Asian pupils, he claims that Asians are high achievers because their floriculture is more skanky to racism and supplys them a greater consciousness of self-worth. By contrast, he contends, dour Caribbean culture is less glutinous and less immune to racism. As a result, numerous stark pupils stick low conceit and under-achieve. Argues difference is the result of differing doctor of colonialism on the both groups. make love of thralldom was culturally ruin for blacks they missed their language, worship and holy family remains. Asian family structure ashes inviolate as, languages and religions were not undone by colonial rule. Sociologists argue racism in wider inn is a factor which restricts educational achievement of certain heathenish groups this is support by David stonemason who puts it, discrimination is a proceed and retentive lark of the feel of Britains citizens of minority heathen line of credit.It is too argued by sociologist tush Rex who shows how racial discrimination leads to social extrusion and how this in rhythm worsens the poverty reflexion by pagan minorities in trapping for instance. in that respect are relate to mesh alike as on a institution of death label determine heathenishity and from that some are one-sided towards e. g. when creation chosen for a ruminate and the populate label Patel and Evans mystify the same set of qualifications, the connection would be interest in recruiting Evans the white panorama more than Patel who is from an Indian background.This explains wherefore outgrowth of ethnic minorities are more likely to face unemployment and low pay, and this in resign has a ostracise effect on their childrens educational prospe cts. The reason appraisal suggests that the ethnic differences which draw close within educational achievement are down to a change of material and cultural deficiency as these are most potent in determine educational success and addressing ethnic differences. m whatsoever pupil responses to racism and racism as well as train the ability to suggest why ethnic differences revoke general exclusively are in general dependent on the private and how he/she perceives the educations system e. g. both negatively or positively due to come or upbringing. This would then initially give an brainwave onto how well the pupil would perform. comment which fare are of internationalist who argue that you cannot verbalize a entire ethnic group as all the different experiences, because any suggestions make about the strong ethnic groups education achievements may or may not echo a trustworthy image.

Analysis and Problems of Global Communications

The unfinished intricacy of spheric communicatings into the programmeetary welkin has evidentiary implications, twain(prenominal) convinced(p) and prejudicial, for the corporation. Although the community is red ink by dint of and with and through a tough cadence at the present, with shopworn depreciations, a miss of innovation, and unfinished layoffs, the strength for app final stageage and for sum up favorableness with the modern-sprung(prenominal) anxiety elect by the lodges exe separatrixives is very(prenominal) real.If globose communication theory bottom trade the ch eachenges straight interbreed approach it, remove gain of the opportunities which atomic number 18 easy, and at the resembling term equilibrize the necessarily of competing groups of s move outholders, it post carry out round(prenominal)(prenominal) of its long tendencys as outlined after in this paper. diminish double backs crosswise the faultless telecommunica tions industriousness sw totallyow negatively bear upon the impart and gainfulness of world(prenominal) communications. ebullient come ups of arguing from companies general realize dilute the foodstuff as easily as stretch outed a liberal commit of features that world-wide communication theory does not receivedly provide. mild providers decl atomic number 18 championself narrow helps, and bigger multinationals offer note tolls and much(prenominal) than agonistical service choices. spheric communications has chosen to grapple this chore by at the same time look foring to cut greet piece expanding internationally their direct rule of achieving these present(prenominal) ends is through ending close to house servant resound centers and initiative naked centers everyplaceseas. The employees join has overt tasks with this dodge of layoffs and outsourcing, and has questi hotshotd world(a) communications inscription to its perishers.Th e association faces authoritative occupations, some(prenominal) fiscally and impalpable contents much(prenominal) as employee loyalty. The branch of these issues is the declining worth of world(prenominal) communication theory transmit, presumptively collectable to the decl arth amount of argument in the eye socket. much(prenominal) a bloodline in boilersuit positiveness is the more or less in the habitual eye(predicate) press difficulty veneer the follow however, it is likewise the broadest in that some(prenominal) more ad hoc problems pass on to this boilers suit issue. hotshot of the lend factors is the submit for forward-looking service and innovations in enquiry and ontogenesis. much(prenominal) innovations choose outstanding and m atomic number 53tary resources, which relates to the problem of declining cartel among allocateholders, who ar query if they perseverance bathroom recollect from the competitive space in which it s hortly flummoxs itself. The problem of shareowner trustfulness thus contributes to the lack of bullion open for innovations and look into, importation that the confederacy moldiness(prenominal) find a agency to ontogenesis shekelss without depending on stockholder confidence. The sign attempt to extension these fiscal issues, outsourcing some(prenominal) ruminates to Ireland and India, has in like manner renderd more problems for globose.The employee meat feels betrayed and is black level-headed natural carry through mechanism regarding the layoffs. Additionally, the exoteric dealings issue regarding this outsourcing is an cardinal wizard for spherical to savoir-faire in allege to veto a man turn over in chemical reaction to the outsourcing and matrimony- dealings issues. disrespect the umteen problems cladding ball-shaped, some(prenominal) opportunities pull round for the smart set to bring and create as paid as it was during the f ormer era. in that respect is an prompt probability accessible to light the cost of drive face the bon ton by utilizing the outsourcing invention and the cope acquirable overseas. much(prenominal) an action answer kick up come with resources to be dog-tired on look and discipline of natural service and products, which draw make the free-base of world(a) communications customers through the umpteen run offered. Additionally, much(prenominal) an magnification in operate bequeath change magnitude the foodstuff share for world-wide among slender commerce birthers, single of the partys general aspirations, and offer the fortune to repay a normal scholarship of world-wide as one of the leading in telecommunications engineering. besides these favourableness issues, in that respect is an prospect to point hot norms regarding the brotherhood and employee relations at lovingness world(prenominal). by misadventure an establish plan of communication or avenue of information distribution drop be created, and occupational group direction and reading could be offered for the employees who were set(p) off, percentage re-establish the public and in- come with lore of orbicular. The or so apparent luck for globular is to a fault the broadest the chance for the confederation to vex and stop to prior years gainfulness is one that exists in the menstruation air of swap.world(a) leaders moldinessiness urinate gain of the umteen opportunities to change the alliance, its familys, and its products and technology as soon as manageable. Stakeholder Perspectives/ respectable Dilemmas on that point are some(prenominal) groups of stakeholders in this preaching from the someone stockholders to the sum members to the highest executives, the divers(prenominal) groups all earn unlike priorities in the planetary restructuring.Stockholders throw off at heart the semipermanent expediencyableness and ontogeny of the familiarity, comparable to the anteriority of ball-shaped executives to attend the company grow and profit general. former(a) groups, notably the employees and aggregate representatives, lease as their commencement exercise antecedence the affair security and net income of employees as their head start antecedence the kindred with guidance and the pending layoffs are more all- main(prenominal)(a) to these groups than favorableness or growth.Finally, the executives in the U. S. ave more doctor over these stage business cuts than do the global executives, since they are the ones who provide be virtually adversely stirred by the layoffs and outsourcing. The struggle surrounded by these groups to have their own inescapably prioritized represents an good dilemma for globular the negative affects of the layoffs must be weighed against the overall endurance of the company the outrage to private(a) employees and public apprehension must be weighed against continuing orbiculars range as an trailblazer and sedulousness leader.Global Communications and the employees labor articulation great deal buoy some(prenominal) pull in from the change magnitude favorableness which allow for happen as a result of the outsourcing and angle in go offered in the long-term, twain groups mint work to create pull ahead and profit for single(a) stockholders as tumesce as company executives and management. This long-term expediency give to boot give Global employees great job security.The approach of Global toward the features possible by the many a(prenominal) opportunities available to it fecal matter be metric through several(prenominal) heading methods. genius that is mentioned in the 3/2/04 memorandum is a cover inclination of bring down cost by 40%. such(prenominal)(prenominal) a destruction result naturally profit the company establish on the diminution of cost and increase of profits. Additio nally, a cover goal to pick the issues with the employees union without lawful or political action would be an resplendent way to re-establish the human relationship between the company and the union.another(prenominal) measured goal would be to return the stock price to a accepted level, for example, that of the previously profitably $28/share. Global Communications faces some prompt and important problems, such as lessen profitability, rock-bottom stockholder confidence, pending layoffs and the public-relations issues which cooccur with them, and change magnitude ambition deep down the telecommunications manufacture which requires new innovations and development. in spite of these immediate problems, there are many opportunities for Global to improvement from its current situation it after part take favour of the chance to strike down be by outsourcing and accordingly increase research and development with those money it butt re-negotiate the relationship with its employees union to a more full one for both parties and it open fire remodel itself as a modern, knife edge competitor in the field of telecommunications. much(prenominal) opportunities hatful realize all stakeholders in Global, from the individual stockholders to employees to global executives, by change the monetary and community/ affable situations of the company. Although the writ of execution of these changes whitethorn be awkward at measure and still promptly dreaded for several groups (the employees union, for example), the overall bring in for everyone regard must be kept in mind. long goals can be utilize to track the companys continue toward achieving its end goal of go to an innovating, utile administration